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Co-expression of Trichinella spiralis macrophage migration inhibitory factor (TsMIF) with T.spiralis cystatin-like domain protein (TsMCD-1) in a DNA vaccine induces a Th1 immune response and partial protection against T.spiralis infection.The present study evaluated whether co-expression of mouse ubiquitin (Ub) with TsMIF and TsMCD-1 might improve the immune response against T.spiralis infection.Groups of BALB/c mice were immunized twice at 2-week intervals with 100 mg of plasmid DNA encoding either a TsMIF-TsMCD-1 fusion protein (pVAX1-Tsmif-Tsmcd-1) or an Ub-co-expressing triple fusion protein Ub-TsMIF-TsMCD-1 (pVAX 1-Ub-Tsmif-Tsmcd-1).