Objective: To survey the morbidity of aged osteoporosis and 3-year incidence of related fracture in Shanghai Communities by random sample design.Methods: All included communities were stratified cluster random sampling (sample rate 15%) to confirm which one should be survey.An OP questionnaire and physical examination will be performed to check out OP patients in the target population, aged within 85-year, male>60-year, female>55-year (M-F ratio 1∶3).Then archives of these OP patients will be established to follow up 3-years incidence of related fracture.The project is managed by Longhua Hospital, which charge for crew training, and communities doctors make up the team, and Shanghai clinical research center charge for random sample design and database management, all the working will be coordinate by Shanghai Health Planning Committee.Results: There were 40 communities included in our study, which were stratified in three classes: central communities, suburbs communities and exurbs communities.According to the population density of Shanghai we performed cluster random sampling to select communities, which are three of central communities (2 in Xuhui district and 1 in Pudong district), two of suburbs communities (1 in Minghang district and 1 in Pudong district) and one of exurbs communities (in Jiading district).Inferences from the data, the average population of Shanghai community is near 100 thousands and 1/10 of population is aged.So we predict there will be 60 thousands aged involved in the survey, Inferences from the 2011 OP guideline the targets population would be 12 thousands, nearly 30 thousands would be diagnosis low bone density.All the health archives and database of OP population will be open and shared by governments and research braches.Conclusion: We planned to survey the morbidity of aged osteoporosis and 3-year incidence of related fracture in Shanghai Communities by stratified cluster random sample design.Follow this protocol the health archives of included OP population will be established.In final all data will benefit the control strategy for aged OP population in Shanghai areas.