Epilepsy is a common public health problem, impacting approximately 1% of the population and afflicting 30 million or more individuals worldwide.Approximately one-third of persons with epilepsy suffer from medically refractory seizures, so that the identification of novel, non-pharmacological, drug-sparing therapies is crucial to help in stopping seizures and improving quality of life for these patients.Recent evidence suggests that between 10-35% of patients with epilepsy have co-morbid obstructive sleep apnea, which may aggravate seizure frequency through the mechanisms of sleep fragmentation and hypoxic neuronal damage.Early recognition and effective treatment of sleep apnea may reduce seizure burden in those with refractory epilepsies.Thus, the recognition and timely treatment of co-morbid sleep apnea in those with epilepsy is an important and challenging mandate for general practitioners, neurologists, and sleep medicine physicians alike.