Neural tube defects(NTDs)are severe,common birth defects that result from failure of neural tube closure,but their complex etiology either genetic or enviromental are not yet fully understood.In recent years,however,growing evidences support an important role for epigenetic regulation as an additional mechanism for affecting in human NTDs.The research folic acid intake while women are pregnant has shown a prevent role in embryo suffering from NTDs.A hypothesis that folic acid prevents NTDs by stimulating methylation reactions,epigenetic factors,are predicted to be involved in NTDs.Histone modifications acts as a important felid in epigenetics,it is also known that different modifications of histone contribute efficiently in gene regulation during fetal development,such as histone methylations、histone acetylations ects.In this review,we analyze the main relationship addressing the epigenetic changes in histone methylations from NTDs,as well as providing new understanding of the role that histone methylations in NTDs forming,and providing a better healthy birth environment.