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Aim: to study the degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells induced by traditional Chinese medicine injections (TCMIs) and its mechanism.Methods: RBL-2H3 cells were used to study the degranulation by co-culture with positive control C48/80 and some TCMIs through morphological and ultra-structure observation, β-hexosaminidase activity detection.The cytotoxicity effect of some TCMIs on both RBL 2H3 and BRL cells was measured by WST-8 assay.Results: toluidine blue staining and ultra-structure of electronic microscope observation of treated RBL-2H3 cells showed degranulation morphologically.Detection of β-hexosaminidase activity in the supernatant of treated cells showed some TCMIs had elevated enzyme release rates.Further analysis of the ingredients and compound in Tanreqing Injection and Shengmai Injection showed Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (黄芩) in Tanreqing Injection,Red ginseng and Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis in Shengmai Injection were responsible to the granulation of RBL-2H3 cells.Most of the TCMIs inducing degranulation had cytotoxicity effect for both RBL-2H3 and BRL cells, but some TCMIs inducing degranulation had no cytotoxicity effect.Conclusion: some TCMIs do induce degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells; the ingredients of TCMIs inducing degranulation are responsible for the elevated enzyme activity; the machanism of degranulation caused by some TCMls are cytotoxic, and some are non-cytotoxic and may be through exicytosis.