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Aliphatic polyester-based polyurethane (PU)elastomers withhyperbranched polyester segments were synthesizedfrom polyester diol，hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester(HB-20)，isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI)and 1,4-butanediol．The cross-linking densityof the PU elastomers wascalculated by using Flory-Rehner equation．The degreeof hydrogen bonding，themicrostructure and the morphologies of these Pumaterials were characterized bymeans of FTIR,WXRD and DSC，respectively．Theexperimental results showed that the PU elastomers containing small amount of HB-20exhibited the enhancedhydrogen bonding，and the micro-phase separatedmorphologies as well as themechanical properties．As compared、with thecomparable PU specimen，the tensilestrength of the polyester-based aliphatic Pucontaining 6 wt％HB-20 increased by 71.2 times，up to 36．1MPa,and the elongation atbreak was still as high as 333．1％，resulting from the dual effects of the degree ofhydrogen bonding and the crosslinkingdensity in the PU systems．