Linkages between ecosystem components such as vegetation structure and rangeland condition and arthropod and small mammal abundance and diversity were explored at Namibias two main airports; an approach seldom adopted when considering the risk of collisions between aircraft and wildlife.The study found a significantly higher species richness,ecological productivity and ecological integrity at transects in and around Hosea Kutako airport (in rural surrounds) compared to Eros airport (in urban surrounds) .The different land use surrounding the airports did,however,not result in a significant difference in overall diversity,productivity,species richness or ecological integrity inside the airport properties.Here,significant differences in small mammal abundance were found in mown and unmown areas.Differences in rangeland condition and productivity outside the airport properties depended on land use,which may have a considerable impact on aircraft wildlife collision risk.