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Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), an aliphatic polyester made from α-hydroxyl acids, is a biodegradable polymer derived from renewable resources.Although PLA has highest glass transition temperature (Tg) among all biodegradable polymer, heat resistance of PLA is not sufficient in engineering application.In this study, a series of PLA nanocomposites consist of silica nanoparticles or multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were synthesized through a novel method, in-situ polymerization.