青海地区是中国西部多民族交汇地带,藏族是其中主要民族。当地藏族是唐以来东进的“番人”与之前早已活跃在该地的诸多土著民族整合而成的多源民族实体,从而在青海形成了一个较大的藏族聚集区。肇始于唐宋,清晰于明清,定格于清咸丰年间。其历史形成过程有自身的历史性、地域性特征,与其他藏族聚居区相比,青海藏区既自成体系,又与之互为一体。这表现为各民族间持续性的接触、交流与互动的必然过程;也体现了历届中央政府对该民族、该地区政治管理和社会统合的历史结果。 Qinghai is a multi-ethnic intersection in western China where Tibetans are the major ethnic groups. The local Tibetans are the multi-ethnic and ethnic entities eastward from the Tang Dynasty that have become integrated with the many indigenous peoples that have previously been active in the region. As a result, a larger Tibetan enclave has formed in Qinghai. Originated in the Tang and Song Dynasties, clear in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, freeze in the Qing Xianfeng years. Its historical formation has its own historical and regional characteristics. Compared with other Tibetan settlements, Tibetan areas in Qinghai are both self-contained and interdependent. This shows the inevitable process of sustained contacts, exchanges and interactions among various ethnic groups. It also shows the historical results of the previous central government’s political management and social integration with the nation and the region.