Triticum urartu(2n =2x =14;AA)is the A-genome donor of cultivated tetraploid(2n=2x=28;AABB)and hexaploid wheat(2n =2x =42;AABBDD),investigating and utilizing the wild germplasm resource could accelerate the breeding of common wheat.In this research,to investigate the genetic diversity,population structure and evolution in Triticum urartu,247 accessions,originated from seven countries and covering most of the population,were subjected to SSR and HMW-GS analysis.A set of 62 highly polymorphic SSRs,located in the A genome of common wheat were screened and 1366 alleles were obtained,giving an average of 21.70 alleles per locus.The FST of all these polymorphic markers ranged from 0.183 for Xgwm247 to 0.794 for Cfd88 with an average of 0.436.The HMW-GS polymorphism,revealed by SDS-PAGE,resulted in 25 band patterns comprising of 4 alleles of 1Ax and 7 alleles of 1Ay subunits.STRUCTURE analysis demonstrated that these accessions grouped into two subpopulations: Group Ⅰ mainly collected from Lebanon,Jordan and a part of Syria,and Group Ⅱ comprising accessions from the rest of regions,which indicated that the Triticum urartu accessions from Lebanon were divergent from other regions,due to the special coastal climate of Lebanon plateau.Principal Coordinates Analysis(PCoA)was also performed based on the whole dataset to test the effectiveness of the discrimination between accessions.The first two principal coordinated explained 42.3%and 17.3%of the total genetic variation respectively,with more than 59.6%of the variation in total,which revealed two main groups in the whole population.