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近年来,焊缝金属中的夹杂物及它在铁素体形核中的作用受到了许多焊接冶金作业工作者的注意。本文用透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察了堆弧焊焊缝金属中针状铁素体的形核现象,用X 射线微区能潜仪及电子衍射确定了形核夹杂物的相成分和相结构。研究结果表明,焊缝金属中的夹杂物为多元复相夹杂,而非单相。已确定的夹杂物相有a-MnS、TiO、Al_2O_3-MnO(锰尖晶石)和3MnO·Al_2O_3·3Sio_2(锰铝榴石)等。夹杂物作为惰性介质表面成为针状铁素体的核心,从而降低了形核的能垒。这种形核机制可以很好地解释多个铁素体在同一夹杂物上的“多维形核”现象。
In recent years, inclusions in weld metal and its role in ferrite nucleation have attracted the attention of many workers in welding metallurgy. In this paper, the nucleation of acicular ferrite in the stack-weld metal was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The phase composition and phase structure of the nucleation inclusions were confirmed by X-ray micro-energy potential spectroscopy and electron diffraction . The results show that inclusions in the weld metal are multiphase inclusions instead of single phase. The identified inclusion phases are a-MnS, TiO, Al 2 O 3 -MnO (manganese spinel) and 3MnO · Al 2 O 3 · 3Sio 2 (ammine). The inclusions act as the core of acicular ferrite as inert media surfaces, reducing the energy barrier for nucleation. This nucleation mechanism can well explain the phenomenon of “multi-dimensional nucleation” of multiple ferrites on the same inclusions.