@@ Introduction Intrinsic functional connectivity MRI(fcMRI)provides all indirect approach to measure the organization of brain systems．However,all unresolved question is whether functional connectivity measured by resting state fMRI reflects anatomical connections．In the present study we used the well．characterized anatomy of cerebro-ponto·cerebellar pathway to directly test whether functional connectivity is dependent on a specific polysynaptic pathway．Cortical areas project to the contralateral cerebellum via efferents to the pons and then to the cerebellar cortex．Afferents pass through the deep cerebellar nuclei and then the thalamus．These connections are organized as closed，parallel circuits：neocortical areas receive input from the same cerebellar regions that they project to．