Since the reform and opening up policy was formulated in 1978,the theoretical circle and government of China have made unremitting efforts on how to make the western region shake off poverty and obtained lots of noteworthy achievements that are shocking the world greatly.Even so,as a socio-economic phenomenon that has always brought Chinese western region the suffering,the poverty problem has still been not resolved fundamentally.Just based on the reality above and by exploring and analyzing the problems existing in the current social relief system through a new kind of train of thought,this paper further extends and enriches the existing social relief system that is a sub-system of social security system,and then puts forward a number of policy proposals mainly aiming at settling the problem of poverty in the western China.