Artesunate (ART) is a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin extracted from Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood) that is conventionally used in anti-malarial drugs and more recently in medications that induce tumor cell apoptosis.Here,we investigated the effects and mechanistic pathways of ART in human myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS),a condition that commonly progresses to acute myeloid leukemia (AML).