四倍体棉种的遗传多样性分析

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棉属包括5个四倍体棉种,其中陆地棉和海岛棉为栽培种,达尔文棉、黄褐棉和毛棉为野生种。从种质资源角度来讲,陆地棉野生种系也属于四倍体野生棉,它是未经栽培驯化的陆地棉原始类型,不仅具有抗病虫,耐干旱、耐盐碱、纤维高强优质等遗传特性,而且比野生资源更容易导入栽培品种,所以对于改进棉花品质和抗性都具有很好的利用价值。本研究利用形态学标记和SSR标记对18份四倍体棉种及42份陆地棉野生种系材料的遗传多样性进行了综合分析,以期进一步验证前人所得的棉花种属关系结果;并了解野生种系及材料间的多样性水平及其遗传关系。
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