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本论文主要分为两部分,第一部分以饱和Keggin结构杂多阴离子[XMo(12O40]n-(X=SiⅣ,GeⅣ,n=4;X=PⅤ,n=3)和配阳离子[M3O(OOCR)6(H2O)3]+(M=FeⅢ,CrⅢ;R=CH3,C2H5)为基本构筑单元,通过分子设计与组装,采用常规合成法,在一定条件下制备出一系列具有孔道结构的化合物,并用红外光谱、X-射线单晶衍射、紫外-可见光谱、TG、XPS等手段对化合物进行了结构研究和表征;第二部分以Anderson结构杂多阴离子[CrMo6O24H6]3-为基本构筑单元,选择合适的实验条件,与稀土离子及有机分子作用,采用常规的水溶液合成法制备了三个Anderson结构阴离子稀土化合物,并利用红外光谱、X-射线单晶衍射、紫外光谱、荧光光谱等对化合物进行了表征和结构研究。化合物的组成和晶体学数据如下:1.KH2[Fe3O(Ac)6(H2O)3][SiMo12O40]·8.5H2O(Ac=CH3COO-):单斜晶系,P21/n空间群.晶胞参数:a=15.161(2)(?),b=18.254(3)(?),c=29.198(4)(?),β=91.910(3)°,V=8076(2)(?),Dc=2.069 g/cm3,Z=4,R1=0.0457,wR2=0.1374[I>2σ(I)].2.[Fe3O(Ac)6(H2O)3]H2[PMo12O40]·7H2O:单斜晶系,P21/n空间群.晶胞参数:a=9.5721(3)(?),b=13.7893(4)(?),c=33.0607(13)(?),β=94.0280(10)°,V=4353(2)(?),Dc=2.406 g/cm3,Z=2,R1=0.0479,wR2=0.1366[I>2σ(I)].3.Na2H[Cr3O(Ac)6(H2O)3][GeMo12O40]·2.75H2O:单斜晶系,P21/n空间群.晶胞参数:a=15.104(5)(?),b=18.086(6)(?),c=28.967(10)(?),β=91.944(4)°,V=7908(4)(?),Dc=2.702 g/cm3,Z=4,R1=0.0801,wR2=0.2065[I>2σ(I)].4.K1.5[Cr(H2O)6]0.5[Cr3O(Ac)6(H2O)3][SiMo12O40]·6.75H2O:单斜晶系,P21/n空间群.晶胞参数:a=15.1311(7)(?),b=18.1715(8)(?),c=28.8237(13)(?),β=91.8810(10)°,V=7920.9(6)(?),Dc=2.209 g/cm3,Z=4,R1=0.0374,wR2=0.1193[I>2σ(I)].5.[Cr3O(Ac)6(H2O)3]2H[PMo12O40]·2H2O:单斜晶系,P21/n空间群.晶胞参数:a=9.5758(3)(?),b=13.7971(5)(?),c=32.9483(12)(?),β=93.7950(10)°,V=4343.5(3)(?),Dc=2.412 g/cm3,Z=2,R1=0.0468,wR2=0.1134[I>2σ(I)].6.K2[Cr3O(OOCC2H5)6(H2O)3]2[SiMo12O40]·1.5(HAc)·6H2O:三斜晶系,P-1(2)空间群.晶胞参数:a=12.9964(5)(?),b=12.9964(5)(?),c=20.9026(8)(?),α=76.4060(10)°,β=74.1260(10)°,γ=79.6580(10)°,V=5148.3(3)(?),Dc=2.192 g/cm3,Z=2,R1=0.0519,wR2=0.1399[I>2σ(I)].7.(C6H4NO2)2Er(H2O)6(CrMo6O24H6)·2(C6H5NO2)·7H2O:三斜晶系,P-1(2)空间群.晶胞参数:a=12.7974(5)(?),b=12.9271(5)(?),c=18.1908(7)(?),α=93.43(0)°,β=105.63(0)°,γ=113.06(0)°,V=2619.69(173)(?),Dc=2.342 g/cm3,Z=2,R1=0.0319,wR2=0.0865[I>2σ(I)].8.(C6H4NO2)2Dy(H2O)6(CrMO6O24H6)·2(C6H5NO2)·7H2O:三斜晶系,P-1(2)空间群.晶胞参数:a=12.7867(4)(?),b=12.8920(4)(?),c=18.1606(3)(?),α=93.4270(3)°,β=105.60°,γ=112.76°°,V=6490.3(6)(?),Dc=2.393 g/cm3,Z=2,R1=0.0285,wR2=0.0776[I>2σ(I)].9.(C6H4NO2)2Sm(H2O)6(CrMo6O24H6)·2(C6H5NO2)·6H2O:三斜晶系,P-1(2)空间群.晶胞参数:a=12.7893(4)(?),b=12.9166(9)(?),c=18.1585(5)(?),α=93.46(3)°,β=105.61(3)°,γ=113.06(3)°,V=2611.45(14)(?),Dc=2.356 g/cm3,Z=2,R1=0.0347,wR2=0.0995[I>2σ(I)].10.[Ni(dmf)3(H2O)][HPMo12O40]·(dmf)·2H2O:三斜晶系,P-1(2)空间群.晶胞参数:a=13.0307(13)(?),b=13.4994(13)(?),c=14.9265(15)(?),α=95.4260(10)°,β=98.0060(10)°,γ=101.6670(10)°,V=2525.9(4)(?),Dc=2.930 g/cm3,Z=2,R1=0.0276,wR2=0.0736[I>2σ(I)].