2011年2月份,胡锦涛总书记提出加强社会管理与体制创新的八点意见;此后,各地纷纷成立社会管理与体制创新办公室或领导小组。11月中旬,广东宣布八类社会组织可以不挂靠单位,社会管理体制改革与创新迈出实质性步伐。社会管理不同于管理社会,两者在条件、主体与客体等方面差别重大。 In February 2011, General Secretary Hu Jintao put forward eight suggestions on strengthening social management and system innovation. Since then, various localities have set up social management and institutional innovation offices or leading groups. In mid-November, Guangdong announced that eight types of social organizations could hold substantive steps without relying on their units and with the reform and innovation of the social management system. Social management is different from the management of society, both in terms of conditions, subject and object vary greatly.