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目的:总结并探讨下颌骨骨折的发病特点、治疗手段、并发症等。方法:收集并整理重庆医科大学附属口腔医院2011年10月至2016年9月收治的228例下颌骨骨折住院患者。分别对每一位患者发病时的年龄、性别、职业、受伤原因、骨折位置、其他合并伤、治疗手段及并发症等加以统计和分析。结果:228例下颌骨骨折病例当中,男性发病率为女性发病率的3.15倍;常见发病年龄为(35.00±14.61)岁,工人所占比重最高,最常见的骨折原因是交通事故伤,共93例,占40.79%;骨折部位好发于正中联合部位,共119处,占36.62%;常见的合并伤为颌面部其他位置的骨折36处。本研究中,最常用的治疗手段是切开复位坚强内固定术合并颌间固定,共192例,占接受治疗患者总数的88.48%,神经损伤是本研究中最主要的并发症,共11例,占手术患者的5.07%。结论:下颌骨骨折常见于中青年男性,交通事故是首要原因,好发于正中联合部,易发生颌面部其他部位合并骨折,坚强内固定术合并颌间固定是较为有效的治疗方式,需注意避免损伤神经。
Objective: To summarize and discuss the characteristics of mandibular fracture, treatment, complications and so on. Methods: 228 patients with mandibular fracture hospitalized from October 2011 to September 2016 in Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were collected and sorted out. The incidence, age, sex, occupation, cause of injury, location of fracture, other combined injuries, treatment and complications of each patient were statistically analyzed. Results: Among the 228 cases of mandibular fracture, the male morbidity rate was 3.15 times that of female; the common morbidity was (35.00 ± 14.61) years old, the highest proportion of workers, the most common cause of fracture was traffic accident, a total of 93 Cases, accounting for 40.79%; fracture site occurs in the middle of the joint site, a total of 119, accounting for 36.62%; common injury is maxillofacial fracture 36 other locations. In this study, the most commonly used treatment is open reduction and internal fixation combined with intermaxillary fixation, a total of 192 cases, accounting for 88.48% of the total number of patients treated, nerve injury is the most important complication in this study, a total of 11 cases , Accounting for 5.07% of surgical patients. CONCLUSIONS: Mandibular fractures are common in young and middle-aged men. Traffic accidents are the primary cause. They occur in the middle joint and are prone to fracture in other parts of the maxillofacial region. Consolidation and internal fixation are more effective methods of treatment. Be careful not to damage the nerves.