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Schmid等和Heddle于1973年提出的微核测定法,对测定小剂量化学制剂或电离辐射诱发的染色体畸变是个敏感的生物学指标。正如对骨髓无核红细胞测量时一样,人们认为微核是代表由于破坏作用而引起的无着丝点染色体断片,主要是染色单体断裂,或是有丝分裂后期纺垂体功能障碍致整个染色体迟滞的结果。本实验室最近正在进行测量γ射线及中子慢性低剂量照射的生物效应的研究,包括职业条件下可能受到的剂量水平的照射。在此研究中,把微核测定作为基因损伤定期性监督指标。为了便于阐明获得的实验数据,需要掌握微核产率的基础值,所以作者测定了一次射线照射时的剂量效应,并比较了γ射线与中子诱发微核的效应。结果如下:
The micronucleus assay proposed by Schmid et al. And Heddle in 1973 is a sensitive biological measure of low-dose chemicals or ionizing radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations. As in the case of bone marrow non-erythrocyte measurements, micronuclei are thought to represent the result of anaplastic chromosomal fragmentation due to disruption, predominantly chromatid fragmentation, or the entire chromosomal hysteresis resulting from pituitary dysfunction in late mitoses . The laboratory is currently conducting a study to measure the biological effects of chronic, low-dose gamma-ray and neutron irradiation, including doses that may be exposed to occupational conditions. In this study, the micronucleus test as a regular indicator of genetic damage. In order to clarify the experimental data obtained, we need to know the basic value of the micronucleus yield. Therefore, we determined the dose effect of a single irradiation and compared the effects of γ-ray and neutron-induced micronuclei. The result is as follows: