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本文从两个方面讨论了固定资本及其折旧的影响。首先,固定资本及其折旧与利润率之间的关系。我们在联合生产的情况下扩展了“剑桥方程式”。本文设定了一个马克思—斯拉法框架下的商品生产体系,其中旧固定资本都是联合生产的结果,在计算中剔除旧固定资本后,我们可以建立生产价格和均衡增长路径。再者,我们在总利润的范畴下扩展了剑桥方程式。其次,固定资本折旧,尤其是加速折旧对经济波动的影响。本文考察了固定资本的加速折旧问题,即如果固定资本在一个比其物理折旧年限更短的时间内折旧,并且其折旧基金被立即用于固定资本的再投资,那么生产过程中将会出现更为剧烈的产能波动,而整体经济也将相应地遭受更大的扰动。
This article discusses the effects of fixed capital and its depreciation from two perspectives. First, the relationship between fixed capital and its depreciation and profitability. We expanded the “Cambridge Formula” in the context of co-production. This article sets out a system of commodity production under the framework of Marx-Slaf, in which old fixed capital is the result of joint production. After removing the old fixed capital in the calculation, we can establish a production price and a balanced growth path. Again, we extend the Cambridge equation in the context of total profit. Second, depreciation of fixed capital, especially the impact of accelerated depreciation on economic fluctuations. This paper examines the issue of accelerated depreciation of fixed capital, which means that if fixed capital is depreciated in a shorter period of time than its physical depreciation, and its depreciation fund is immediately reinvested in fixed capital, more production will occur For the dramatic fluctuations in production capacity, but the overall economy will also be subject to greater disruption.