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为明确施氮量对滴灌冬小麦干物质积累、分配、转运及产量的影响,于2013-2015年连续两个冬小麦生长季,以新冬18号为试验材料,在大田滴灌条件下,设置了0(N_0)、94.5(N_1)、180(N_2)、240(N_3)、300(N_4)、360kg·hm~(-2)(N_5)共6个施氮量处理,通过单因素随机区组试验,研究了不同施氮量下滴灌冬小麦干物质积累、分配及转运的特点。结果表明,不同施氮量处理下滴灌冬小麦单茎干物质积累量随生育进程均呈“S”曲线变化。成熟期干物质积累量、花前干物质的转运量及其转运效率、花后同化物积累量均以N_3处理最高;花前干物质转运对籽粒产量的贡献率以及籽粒产量在两年中均随施氮水平的提高呈先增后减趋势,也均以N_3处理最高,其中产量两年分别较N_0处理增产68.01%和67.39%。因此,在本试验条件下,240kg·hm~(-2)施氮量最有利于滴灌冬小麦干物质积累、转运和高产。
In order to clarify the effect of nitrogen rate on dry matter accumulation, distribution, translocation and yield of winter wheat in drip irrigation, two consecutive winter wheat growing seasons from 2013 to 2015 were conducted with Xin Dong 18 as experimental material. A total of six nitrogen treatments (N 0, 94.5 N 1, 240 N 3, 300 N 4, 360 kg · hm -2 N 5) were tested by single factor randomized block test , The characteristics of dry matter accumulation, distribution and translocation of winter wheat under drip irrigation under different nitrogen rates were studied. The results showed that the single stem dry matter accumulation of drip irrigation under different nitrogen application rates showed a “S” curve. Dry matter accumulation at maturity, dry matter translocation, translocation efficiency and post-anthesis assimilate accumulation were the highest in N_3 treatment. The contribution of pre-anthesis dry matter transport to grain yield and grain yield in both years With the increase of nitrogen application rate, it increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of N_3, the highest was N_3, and the yield increased 68.01% and 67.39% respectively compared with N_0 treatment in two years. Therefore, under the experimental conditions, the nitrogen application rate of 240 kg · hm -2 was most beneficial to the accumulation, transport and high yield of winter wheat in drip irrigation.