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目的了解和掌握汕头市2011—2013年肾综合征出血热(HFRS)病例的流行病学特征,为制定相关防控措施提供依据。方法对汕头市2011—2013年报告的HFRS病例资料采用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果 2011—2013年汕头市共报告HFRS病例20例,其中2011年1例(0.019/10万)、2012年3例(0.055/10万)、2013年16例(0.284/10万)。男性13例,女性7例,男女性别比为1.86∶1;病例年龄主要集中在31~40岁,共12例,占总病例数的60.0%。职业分布以民工为主,共8例,占总病例数的40.0%;其次是家务及待业4例,占20.0%。结论 2011—2013年汕头市HFRS发病数呈现逐年增加趋势,应在重点地区周期性开展灭鼠防鼠、环境整治和重点人群防治知识宣传工作,并提高一线医疗人员发现和治疗HFRS病例的技能。
Objective To understand and grasp the epidemiological characteristics of HFRS cases in Shantou City from 2011 to 2013 and provide basis for making relevant prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of HFRS reported from Shantou in 2011-2013. Results A total of 20 HFRS cases were reported in Shantou from 2011 to 2013, including 1 in 2011 (0.019 / 100 000), 3 (0.055 / 100 000) in 2012 and 16 (0.284 / 100 000) in 2013. There were 13 males and 7 females. The sex ratio of males to females was 1.86:1. The cases were mainly aged from 31 to 40 years old, a total of 12 cases, accounting for 60.0% of the total cases. Occupational distribution mainly migrant workers, a total of 8 cases, accounting for 40.0% of the total number of cases; followed by domestic work and unemployed 4 cases, accounting for 20.0%. Conclusion From 2011 to 2013, the incidence of HFRS in Shantou City increased year by year. Knowledge of prevention and control of rodent infestation, environmental remediation and prevention and treatment of key people should be periodically carried out in key areas and the skills of first-line medical staff in detecting and treating HFRS should be improved.