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目的了解深圳市罗湖区企业接触职业病危害因素的在岗职工的健康情况。方法对深圳市罗湖区2012年51家企业接触职业病危害因素的2 683人进行在岗期间职业健康检查,并统计分析其检查结果。结果该辖区企业接触的职业病危害因素主要为噪声、汽油、苯系物、高温、正己烷等。其中接触噪声人数753人次,占总人数的28.07%;其目标疾病检出率为1.33%。接触苯系物526人次,发现2例疑似职业病,职业禁忌证6人,目标疾病检出率最高(1.52%)。各检查项目中纯音测听异常率最高(31.87%);接触苯系物人群血常规异常率最高(29.85%),与其他危害因素之间差异有统计学意义。结论该区企业员工职业健康问题不容忽视,苯系物、噪声对员工的健康危害最大,应进一步加强职业卫生监管力度和职业卫生知识宣传。
Objective To understand the health conditions of on-the-job workers exposed to occupational hazards in Luohu District, Shenzhen. Methods Occupational health examinations were conducted on 2 683 people who were exposed to occupational hazards in 51 enterprises in Luohu District, Shenzhen in 2012, and their results were statistically analyzed. Results The main occupational hazards in the area were exposure to noise, gasoline, benzene, high temperature, hexane and so on. The number of contact noise 753 people, accounting for 28.07% of the total number of people; its target disease detection rate of 1.33%. 526 contact with benzene series, found 2 cases of suspected occupational diseases, occupational contraindications 6 people, the highest target disease detection rate (1.52%). The abnormal rate of pure tone audiometry was the highest in all the items (31.87%). The abnormal rate of blood routine was the highest (29.85%) in those exposed to benzene series, and the difference was statistically significant compared with other harmful factors. Conclusion The occupational health problems of employees in this district should not be overlooked. The health effects of benzene series substances and noise on employees are greatest, and the supervision of occupational health and the promotion of occupational health knowledge should be further strengthened.