矽肺是由于长期吸入含有游离二氧化硅中生产性粉尘引起的,以肺部进行性弥漫性纤维性变化为主的一种职业病,也是我国最常见且危害最严重的工矿职业病。矽肺发生后,即使调离矽尘作业,病情仍可能继续发展.并可从Ⅰ期逐渐发展到Ⅲ期。凡■■接触矽尘(即含游离二氧化硅的粉尘)作业的工人,诸如矿山凿岩、粉碎或碾磨硅石、爆破、耐火材料、玻璃、陶瓷器皿制作以及清砂,喷砂等工种者,都容易罹患矽肺。矽肺的病理改变在患者体内是一个相当缓慢的过程。矽尘吸入肺内后,一部分可长期滞留于肺泡腔与细支气管内,造成机械性堵塞.妨碍呼吸功能.且可不断地被巨噬细胞吞噬,有一小部分被缓慢吸收,在肺间质内形成病变。近些年的研究证明,巨噬细胞在吞噬矽尘之后会释放多种介质?其结果导致肺组织损伤,发生纤维化与矽结节。随着病变的进展,肺的正常结构被破 Silicosis is a type of occupational disease that is caused mainly by long-term inhalation of productive dust contained in free silica and diffuse fibrous changes in the lungs. It is also the most common and hazardous industrial and mining occupational disease in our country. Silicosis, even if the tune away from the work of silica dust, the disease may still continue to develop and may gradually evolve from stage Ⅰ to stage Ⅲ. Workers exposed to silica fume (ie, dust containing free silica) such as mine rock drilling, shredding or grinding of silica, blasting, refractory materials, glass, ceramic ware, sandblasting and sandblasting , Are susceptible to silicosis. Pathological changes in silicosis is a rather slow process in the patient’s body. Silica dust inhalation of the lungs, part of the long-term retention in the alveolar cavity and bronchioles, resulting in mechanical blockage. Resist respiratory function. And can continue to be phagocytosed by macrophages, a small part is slowly absorbed in the lung interstitial The formation of lesions. In recent years, studies have shown that macrophages release a variety of media after phagocytosis of silica dust, resulting in lung tissue damage, fibrosis and silicone nodules. As the disease progresses, the normal structure of the lung is broken