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利用2001年7月进行的两船同步走航调查资料,结合同一时期的陆地卫星合成图像,对枯水期黄河口表层悬浮体空间分布和粒度特征进行了研究。低潮时,黄河河口表层悬浮体含量、温度、盐度在河口口门外5 km范围内变化迅速,表层悬浮体含量和温度向海方向呈指数方式迅速降低,悬浮体含量由519 mg/L下降到20~30mg/L,温度则下降4℃左右;盐度则由1升至33。表层悬浮体含量的变化与表层水体温度、盐度变化有很好的对应关系,温度、盐度变化反映了河流注入的淡水在表层与海水的混合过程。与调查时期接近的一景遥感图像(RGB321)对照,可以看出图像色调变化与测量数值的变化比较吻合。悬浮体平均粒径为6.64~5.26Φ,以粉砂为主。沿测线由河口向海方向,粒度成分和粒径的变化趋势明显,粒径逐渐变粗,黏土成分减少而砂的成分增多,这可能与絮凝作用有关。
Using the data of two ships’ synchronized navigation in July 2001 and the synthetic images of terrestrial satellite during the same period, the spatial distribution and particle size characteristics of surface sediments in the Yellow River Estuary during the dry season were studied. At low tide, the surface sediment content, temperature and salinity of the Yellow River estuary changed rapidly within 5 km of the mouth of the estuary, and the content and temperature of the surface sediment decreased exponentially to the sea direction. The content of suspended sediment decreased from 519 mg / L To 20 ~ 30mg / L, the temperature dropped about 4 ℃; salinity from 1 to 33. The variation of surface sediment content has a good correspondence with the changes of surface water temperature and salinity. The changes of temperature and salinity reflect the mixing process of freshwater injected by rivers into the surface and seawater. Compared with a scene remote sensing image (RGB321) close to the survey period, it can be seen that the change of the image tone is in good agreement with the change of the measured value. The average particle size of suspension was 6.64 ~ 5.26Φ, dominated by silt. The change trend of particle size and particle size along the line from estuary to sea is obvious. The particle size gradually becomes thicker, the clay content decreases and the sand content increases, which may be related to flocculation.