海洋占地球总面积的百分之七十,它不仅是联系世界各大洲的交通要道,而且还是侵略与反侵略、掠夺与反掠夺的重要战场。围绕着海洋权问题,长期以来,一直进行着尖锐复杂的斗争。一、领海的产生按照古罗马法的观点,海洋是公有的,但随着罗马势力之扩张,认为罗马统治者对海洋拥有控制权的理论逐渐发展起来。到中世纪,一系列国家的统治者宣布他们对海洋不仅有控 Seventy percent of the Earth’s total surface area, the ocean is not only a gateway to the major continents of the world, but also an important battleground for aggression and anti-aggression, plunder and anti-plunder. Around the issue of the right to the sea, for a long time, a sharp and complicated struggle has been going on. First, the territorial sea According to ancient Roman law, the sea is the public, but with the expansion of the Roman forces, that the Roman rulers have the right to control the theory of the sea gradually developed. By the Middle Ages, the rulers of a series of countries announced that they had not only control over the oceans