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在完成一口新井时,井眼清洗是一个关键的步骤。井眼不能够充分清洗会导致在完井过程中产生大量困难,并增加额外的费用。反之,为确保成功而使井眼过分清洗也会导致额外风险并增加某些不必要的费用。本文对北海油藏在英国和挪威大范围区域内的井眼清洗操作进行了研究,以缩短制定最优方法和实施准则所需要的时间。该研究提出了一种对所有地区井都普遍适用的井眼清洗操作方法。从2002—2004年间完井的19口浅海井的钻井报告中分析得出,井眼清洗所花费的时间大致在如下阶段:①运行工具;②化学剂清洗/驱替;③凹坑清理;④等待设备;⑤等待天气好转;⑥压力测试;⑦凹坑是否清洗干净;⑧安全事宜;⑨等待许可。这些分析结果可以对井眼清洗时间长的原因进行更好的认识。可以尽量在以下几方面减少时间:①清洗设备失效;②过分复杂的工具串;③过多的工具串造成卡钻;④钻井装置故障;⑤送往海上的工具不完善;⑥由于井眼过滤器被泥浆或岩屑填满,需要用化学剂进行重复的清洗;⑦等待凹坑清理所耽误的时间;⑧从其他井中学不到的经验。作业者对上述和其他一些原因进行了研究和探讨,并结合其他油井良好的实践经验,制定出一套最优化的实施准则。
Wellbore cleaning is a critical step when completing a new well. Inadequate wellbore cleaning can result in significant difficulties in completion and additional costs. Conversely, over-cleaning the wellbore to ensure success can lead to additional risk and increase some unnecessary costs. In this paper, borehole cleaning operations of the North Sea reservoir in a wide area of the UK and Norway have been studied to shorten the time required to develop the optimal method and implementation guidelines. The study proposed a wellbore cleaning method that is universally applicable to all well regions. From the drilling report of 19 shallow sea wells completed in 2002-2004, it is concluded that the wellbore cleaning time is roughly in the following stages: ① running tools; ② chemical cleaning / flooding; ③ pit cleaning; ④ waiting Equipment; ⑤ waiting for the weather to improve; ⑥ pressure test; ⑦ pits are cleaned; ⑧ security issues; ⑨ waiting for permission. These results provide a better understanding of the reasons for long hole cleaning times. Can try to reduce the time in the following aspects: ① cleaning equipment failure; ② overly complicated tool string; ③ excessive tool string caused by sticking; ④ drilling device failure; ⑤ sent to the sea of imperfect tools; ⑥ due to the well filter Was filled with mud or cuttings, requiring repeated cleaning with chemicals; ⑦ waiting time for pit cleaning; ⑧ lessons learned from other wells. Operators of these and other reasons for the study and discussion, combined with good practice in other wells, developed a set of optimal implementation guidelines.