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目的研究内镜下卢戈氏液染色和活组织 p53检测诊断食管早期癌和表浅癌的可行性。方法将97例食管癌手术标本先用卢戈氏液染色 ,然后对粘膜不染色区行 p53蛋白免疫组化染色。结果在97例食管癌手术标本中 ,共有63处直径大于2mm的粘膜不染色区 ,其中正常粘膜2处 ,单纯增生7处 ,不典型增生42处 ,原位癌1处 ,鳞状细胞癌11处 ;p53蛋白的阳性表达主要发生在重度不典型(42.3 %)和鳞状细胞癌(45.5 %)的细胞核内 ,而在正常粘膜、单纯增生和轻～中度不典型增生组织中几乎无表达(p<0.05)。结论内镜下卢戈氏液染色和活组织p53检测诊断食管早期癌和表浅癌的病理诊断有辅助价值
Objective To investigate the feasibility of endoscopic Lugol’s staining and biopsy p53 detection in the diagnosis of early esophageal and superficial carcinomas. Methods 97 surgical specimens of esophageal cancer were first stained with Lugol’s solution, and then immunohistochemical staining of p53 protein was performed on the non-stained areas of the mucosa. Results Of the 97 surgical specimens of esophageal cancer, 63 mucosal non-stained areas with a diameter greater than 2 mm were found, including 2 normal mucosa, 7 simple hyperplasias, 42 atypical hyperplasias, 1 in situ carcinoma, and 12 squamous cell carcinomas. The positive expression of p53 protein mainly occurs in the nucleus of severe atypical (42.3%) and squamous cell carcinoma (45.5 %), but almost no expression in normal mucosa, simple hyperplasia and mild to moderate dysplasia. (p<0.05). Conclusions Endoscopic Lugol’s stain and biopsy p53 test can be used to diagnose the pathological diagnosis of early esophageal and superficial carcinomas.