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为了节省材料,要求钢结构的自重尽可能轻。这既可以通过采用新的结构型式,也可以通过现有结构的尺寸的最优化来达到。例如用于板梁和箱形梁的横截面最优化的方法早已众所周知。但围绕桁架最优化问题的研究却发表很少。这些研究多数从桁架总重公式出发:
In order to save material, the weight of the steel structure is required to be as light as possible. This can be achieved either by adopting a new type of structure or by optimizing the dimensions of the existing structure. For example, methods for optimizing the cross-section of plate girders and box girders have long been known. But research on truss optimization has been published very little. Most of these studies start with the truss’s gross weight formula: