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目的探讨新疆地区维吾尔族(维族)和汉族大学生颞下颌关节紊乱症(temporomandibular disorders,TMD)发生情况,分析焦虑、抑郁等心理因素与TMD的相关性。方法对489例维族及汉族大学生进行颞下颌关节检查,填写一般情况调查问卷、心理焦虑状况量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)和心理抑郁状况量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS),并进行相关分析。结果未发生TMD者228例(对照组),确诊TMD患者261例(TMD组),TMD发生率为53.4%,男性发生率(46.8%)低于女性(58.7%)(P<0.05),汉族(51.0%)与维族(58.4%)TMD发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);TMD组SAS评分[(45.71±10.70)分]、SDS评分[(48.83±10.04)分]高于对照组[(38.15±7.40)、(41.13±7.96)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);(3)logistic回归分析显示,焦虑(OR=3.43,95%CI:1.89~6.22,P=0.000)、抑郁(OR=3.96,95%CI:2.06~7.62,P=0.000)和偏侧咀嚼(OR=1.71,95%CI:1.16~2.54,P=0.007)是TMD发生的危险因素。结论新疆地区大学生TMD发病率高,女性多见,维、汉族发病率无差异;焦虑、抑郁倾向等心理因素是TMD发生的危险相关因素。
Objective To investigate the occurrence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) among Uighur (Uygur) and Han nationality college students in Xinjiang and to analyze the correlation between psychological factors such as anxiety and depression and TMD. Methods A total of 489 Uygur and Han students underwent temporomandibular joint examinations. The general questionnaire, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) And make relevant analysis. Results There were 228 cases without TMD (control group), 261 cases with TMD (TMD group), the incidence of TMD was 53.4%, the incidence of male was lower than that of female (58.7%) (46.8%) (P <0.05) (45.71 ± 10.70) and SDS score [(48.83 ± 10.04)] in TMD group were higher than those in TMD group (51.0% vs. 58.4%, respectively) (3) Logistic regression analysis showed that anxiety (OR = 3.43, 95% CI: 1.89 ~ 6.22, P <0.01) P = 0.000), depression (OR = 3.96, 95% CI: 2.06-7.62, P = 0.000) and unilateral mastication (OR = 1.71,95% CI: 1.16-2.54, P = 0.007) were risk factors for TMD . Conclusions The prevalence of TMD among Xinjiang college students is high, female is common, and there is no difference between the two. The psychological factors such as anxiety and depression are the risk related factors of TMD.