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路基属于铁路永久性建筑筑之一,其寬度是根据土性质和线路等級而确定的,原則上是要满足:承荷线路上部建筑的設备,机车车辆不侵入建筑接近限界、及铁路人員作业的便利。决定路基宽度的基本因素是:轨距寬度、线路数目及线间中心距离,道床断面型式(厚度、边坡、及顶宽),和路肩宽度。而这些基本因素的决定,是一个国家对铁路建设的标准問题,关系到我国社会主义建设需要和方針政策。以及铁道技术工作的发展等问题。设規表19表20的規定,主要是就路基顶面承荷铁路上部建筑设备的要求而言;
Subgrade is one of the railway permanent structures. The width of the subgrade is determined according to the nature of the soil and the grade of the line. In principle, it is necessary to meet the following requirements: the equipment for the upper part of the load line, the locomotives and vehicles do not intrude into the buildings close to the boundaries, Convenience. The basic factors that determine the width of subgrade are: gauge width, number of lines and inter-line center distance, cross-sectional shape of bed (thickness, slope and top width), and shoulder width. The decision of these basic factors is a country’s standard of railway construction and relates to the needs and guidelines of China’s socialist construction. As well as the development of railway technology and other issues. The provisions of Table 20 in Table 19 mainly refer to the requirements of the construction equipment above the load-bearing railway on the top of the roadbed;