【摘 要】
：
Urban ecosystems are evolutionarily recent novel environments acting as biodiversity filters.Psittacidae birds are considered successful urban adapters mainly due to their generalist feeding and opportunistic behavior,allowing them to occupy environments
【机 构】
：
Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados,Instituto de Ecología,A.C.-CONACYT,Xalapa,Mexico;Biological a
论文部分内容阅读
Urban ecosystems are evolutionarily recent novel environments acting as biodiversity filters.Psittacidae birds are considered successful urban adapters mainly due to their generalist feeding and opportunistic behavior,allowing them to occupy environments from cold temperate to dry xeric areas.Therefore,it is important to understand how these species interact in the urban environment.We studied the interannual(2013-2016)abundance of the White-fronted Parrot(Amazona albifrons)in the Neotropical cities of Xalapa and Coatepec,in Central Veracruz,México.Additionally,we studied the feeding ecology during 13 months of 6 parrot species detected in the city of Xalapa.The abundance of the White-fronted Parrot was significantly higher in Xalapa than in Coatepec,and it was homogeneous across years.Non-native plants represented 30-41％of Psittacidae diets in Xalapa,where seeds were the most commonly consumed resource.We recorded the highest Psittacidae species richness and highest diet overlap among species by the end of the dry season(April-May).The White-fronted Parrot had the highest plant richness in its diet,followed by the Monk Parakeet(Myiopsitta monachus)and the Green Parakeet(Psittacara holochlorus);yet,the White-fronted Parrot had a specialized diet dominated by two plant species(Grevillea robusta and Ficus aurea).The diet overlap among the three above-mentioned parrot species was not significantly different to a null model,where the White-fronted Parrot and the Monk Parakeet overlapped during the months of February,April,June,and September.The White-fronted Parrot is an urban adapter that has successfully expanded its geographic range via natural means and by human activities.The invasive Monk Parakeet is currently restricted to one park in Xalapa,and it has remained in that stage for many years(i.e.,pre-expansion phase).Exotic plant species in Xalapa represent～55％of the woody vegetation,some of which have longer flowering and fruiting periods that may have aided the successful establishment of parrot species in urban environments.
其他文献
露采边坡稳定性分析是矿山地质环境恢复治理工程设计的重要依据.采用定性分析与定量评价相结合的方法,首先利用极射赤平投影法对边坡结构和潜在破坏方式进行了定性分析判断,基于分析结果选择Midas GTS/NX软件构建了边坡失稳前典型剖面的二维模型,并将分析计算结果与实际情况进行了对比,定性判断了模型的可靠性,在此基础上建立了现状剖面模型,根据模拟结果对边坡现状稳定性进行了分析评价.结果表明,正常工况下边坡整体处于稳定或基本稳定状态,局部处于欠稳定状态,暴雨工况下处于不稳定状态,最大应变集中分布于坡脚处.最后,根
基于结构动力响应进行损伤识别是目前结构健康监测常用的方法.结构动力响应同时包含了结构自身和外激励的信息,而实际工程中的外激励往往难以准确获得,特别是地震作用.因此,仅利用未知地震作用下的结构动力响应进行桥梁结构损伤识别是一项富有挑战性的工作.提出了一种仅基于结构振动响应的数据驱动方法,将小波包能量和传递比函数相结合构建损伤特征指标,实现桥梁结构在未知地震作用下的损伤定位识别.该特征指标不仅对结构的局部损伤敏感,同时可以消除外激励和频带的影响.通过对简支梁桥和中承式钢拱桥在未知地震作用下的数值模拟算例,验证
利用结构化方法构造了杠杆公司的金融资产组合,由于公司破产的不可逆性和不确定性,可以把公司破产理解为公司所发行的债券发生违约.通过求解回望期权所满足的抛物型随机偏微分方程,推导出了混合分数跳-扩散模型下杠杆公司的股票定价公式,给出了杠杆公司在财务出现危机时股东通过资本注入来弥补经营损失和清偿债务而没有导致公司破产的概率,同时给出了股东所持有回望期权的定价公式,以及杠杆公司资产的条件分布,从而得到了杠杆公司期权违约概率的显式表达式,最后通过一个算例分析来说明模型的不同Hurst参数及风险系数、股票资产所占权重
依据内蒙古自治区海拉尔盆地北部Hong-5井1631～2270m井段8块样品的孢粉鉴定数据,建立了Cica-tricosisporites-Protoconiferus-Perinopollenites孢粉组合,其特征为裸子植物花粉百分含量(82.29％～93.08％)远高于蕨类植物孢子百分含量(6.92％～17.71％),Protoconiferus和Perinopollenites百分含量高是本组合的突出特征,出现了下伏塔木兰沟组没有的早白垩世孢粉类型Cicatricosisporites、Aequi
Species in Galliformes have elaborate ritual courtship displays,often including strutting,fluffing of tail or head feathers,and vocal sounds that serve as excellent examples of sexual selection.According to the male orientation to the female while either
Although Blakiston\'s Fish Owl(Bubo blakistoni)is widely treated as a single species,marked differences in the structure of pair duets between continental and insular populations have been documented.However,no study has quantitatively assessed these vo
Knowledge of breeding success and its limiting factors is crucial in assessing species\'conservation needs.As cavity-nesters,parrots are particularly influenced by the availability of suitable cavities and low breeding output,whether due to natural proc
Conserving species relies upon acquiring an understanding of their use of habitat,yet our understanding of the use of habitat by co-existing species of different guilds at microgeographic scales remains poor.In particular,the use of habitat by woodland sp
利用1979-2019年多年平均5-8月的逐日气象资料,采用EOF,MV-EOF、相关分析和合成分析等方法,对夏季青藏高原-孟加拉湾的大气热源与中国东部暴雨的时空演变特征及两者之间的联系进行探讨.研究结果表明:MV-EOF能够很好地表现不同要素的空间分布特征及其时间演变之间的联系.结果显示:在气候平均状态下,强降水事件分别发生在华南地区、华西和长江中下游地区时,青藏高原东部和孟加拉湾的大气加热出现相反的变化趋势,说明青藏高原东部和孟加拉湾之间的海陆热力对比很可能是导致中国东部强降水事件在不同地点发生的关键
Studies of biodiversity dynamics have been cast on either long(systematics)or short(ecology)time scales,leaving a gap in coverage for moderate time scales of decades to centuries.Large-scale biodiversity information resources now available offer opportuni