目的根据非战争军事行动卫勤保障的特点和需要,遴选最优化的应急医学救援前沿外科手术队组建方案,为未来我军前沿外科手术队的建设提供理论参考和决策依据。方法本研究提出新建(P1)、专科手术队整合(P2)、野战医疗所抽组(P3)、野战医疗队基础上改建(P4)4种前沿外科手术队的组建方案,并运用层次分析法系统分析影响组建前沿外科手术队的各种相关因素指标,构建层次结构模型,组成判断矩阵,根据专家打分计算其指标权重及其方案的综合权重。结果判断矩阵的一致性检验结果 CR<0.10,方案的综合权重分值:P1=0.213 8,P2=0.242 0,P3=0.205 4,P4=0.338 8。结论运用层次分析法在前沿外科手术队组建方案选优工作中可获得满意的结果,前沿外科手术队最佳组建方案应采取野战医疗队基础上改建为主的建设模式(P4)。 Objective According to the characteristics and needs of medical support for non-war military operations, we select the most advanced emergency medical rescue surgical team construction plan, which will provide theoretical reference and decision-making basis for the construction of the front surgical team. Methods This study proposed the establishment of four kinds of cutting-edge surgical teams including P1, P2, P2, P3 and P4 (Field Medical Team) System analysis of the impact of the formation of the forefront of the surgical team of various relevant indicators, the construction of the hierarchical structure model to form a matrix of judgments, according to the expert scoring index weight and the comprehensive weight of its program. Results of the test matrix consistency test results CR <0.10, the program’s comprehensive weight score: P1 = 0.2138, P2 = 0.242 0, P3 = 0.205 4, P4 = 0.338 8. Conclusion Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) can achieve satisfactory results in the selection and optimization of the front surgical team. The optimal construction of the front surgical team should be based on the reconstruction of the field medical team (P4).