嗅觉障碍是帕金森病最常见的非运动症状之一，其发生率较高，主要表现为气味察觉、气味识别、气味辨别及气味记忆与再认障碍。嗅觉障碍的出现可早于典型运动症状多年。研究发现，嗅觉障碍与帕金森病发病风险相关，其可作为早期帕金森病的预测标志。该文就帕金森病嗅觉障碍的研究进展及其对发病风险的评估、早期诊断的意义进行综述。“,”Olfactory dysfunction is one of the most common nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD),with a high prevalence and manifestations of defects in olfaction,including odor detection,identifica-tion,discrimination,memory and recognition.It may precede the onset of typical motor symptoms by several years and have been found associated with increased risk of developing clinical PD in future,so it might be used as a potential predictive marker of PD .Here is to make a review of the recent research on olfactory dys-function and its role in risk evaluation and early diagnosis of PD .