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古代诗歌在传统的儒家文化结构中一直以亚文化的方式执行其伦理功能。在一定意义上，古典文人诗词从社会审美的层面反映了以儒家人本思想为主流的文化建构的源流。文人诗词借助美神意识和酒神精神，表现了审美理想与人性价值在政治媚俗中的纠缠与迷离，这虽然代表了类似民粹主义的人本价值取向，但并不具备反主流规范的内在要求。中国文人文学的功能始终趋向伦理秩序的整合，因而难以形成近代意义的文学精神。
In the traditional Confucian culture, ancient poetry has always performed its ethical functions in a sub-cultural manner. In a certain sense, classical literati poetry reflects the source of cultural construction which takes Confucianism as its main stream from the social aesthetic level. The literati poems show the entanglement and confusion of aesthetic ideals and human values in political kitsch with the help of the consciousness of beauty god and Dionysian spirit. Although they represent the similar people-oriented values of populism, they do not possess the inherent requirements of counter-mainstreaming norms. The function of Chinese literati literature always tends to the integration of ethical order, so it is difficult to form the modern literary spirit.