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本文以《醒世姻缘传》为对象研究存在句的语用及句法功能。存在句按其语用类型可以分为叙述型、描写型和判断型三类。从语用类型的分布数量看,以“有”字句为主的叙述型句和以行为动词中介句为主的描写型存在句的数量较多,判断型存在句较少。同时,该书中的存在句结构还在句中担任一定的句子成分,主要充当句子的宾语、谓语、补语等,体现出句法结构特点。
This paper studies the pragmatic and syntactic functions of the existential sentences by “Awakening Marriage”. Existential sentences can be divided into narrative type, descriptive type and judgmental type according to their pragmatic types. According to the distribution of pragmatic types, there are more descriptive sentences mainly composed of “有 ” sentences and descriptive type existential sentences mainly composed of behavioral verbs, and there are fewer judgmental existential sentences. At the same time, the existential sentence structure in the book also acts as a certain sentence component in the sentence, which mainly serves as the object, the predicate and the complement of the sentence, which reflects the structural features of the sentence.