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戏曲舞台上,凡皇帝的女婿统称为“驸马”,例如《赵氏孤儿》中的赵朔、《铡美案》中的陈世美等。其实,不分朝代一律冠以“驸马”的称号是不符合历史的。当初,“驸马”并不是皇帝女婿的专用语。古代几匹马共同驾一辆车,辕马之外的马都叫“驸”。“驸马”成为官名,始见于汉武帝时。它的全名为“驸马都尉”。原来,先秦前汉时皇帝出行多乘车,为了安全,除他自己乘的车名正车外,还设有许多和正车形式一样的副车,用以迷惑他人。近侍中掌管正车的官为奉车都尉,掌管副车的官就是驸马都尉.到了晋朝,废奉车都尉,开始明确了只有帝婿才能做驸马。发生在“春秋”时的《赵氏孤儿》中的赵朔,是不应该称作“驸马”的。辽、金
On the drama stage, where the emperor’s son-in-law is collectively referred to as “驸 馬”, for example, Zhao Shuo in “Orphan of Zhao” and “Chen Shi-mei in 铡 美 案 案”. In fact, regardless of the dynasties are always crowned “germa” title is not consistent with history. At first, “Gema” is not a special language of the emperor’s son-in-law. Several ancient horses together drive a car, horse outside the shaft are called “驸.” “驸 horse” became the official name, first seen in the Han Dynasty. Its full name is “驸 马都 尉”. It turned out that before the Qin Dynasty, the emperor traveled more by car, for safety, in addition to his own vehicle name is car, but also with many of the same form as the car is the car, to confuse others. Near paternity in charge of the car’s officer was car captain, in charge of the deputy car officer is Ma Du Wei .To the Jin Dynasty, was discarded car captain, began to clear that only the emperor can do generosity. Zhao Shuo’s “Zhao orphan” in “Spring and Autumn Period” should not be called “staggering horse.” Liao, gold