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盐害是影响植物生长和作物产量的主要因子之一,通过遗传改良提高植物的耐盐性是简单有效解决盐害的主要途径。综述了到目前为止筛选鉴定出的主要耐盐碱资源;耐盐碱基因(数量性状位点)的定位、克隆及通过基因工程技术进行耐盐基因在不同作物中的转移利用情况;并对高粱耐盐碱的研究前景进行了展望。以期为高粱等作物的耐盐碱改良研究提供理论依据,从而促进对土壤盐渍化影响农作物产量和质量的重大农业问题的解决。
Salt damage is one of the main factors that affect plant growth and crop yield. Improving the salt tolerance of plants through genetic improvement is the simple and effective way to solve salt damage. The main salt and alkali resistant resources identified and screened so far were reviewed. The mapping and cloning of salt-tolerant genes (quantitative trait loci) and the transfer and utilization of salt-tolerant genes in different crops by genetic engineering were reviewed. The prospect of salt-tolerant research is prospected. In order to provide a theoretical basis for the research on salinity and alkalinity improvement of crops such as sorghum, so as to promote the solution of major agricultural problems affecting the yield and quality of crops affected by soil salinization.