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目的探讨人体唾液中唾液淀粉酶(salivary amylase,AMS)、嗜铬粒蛋白A(chromogranin A,CgA)和唾液皮质醇(salivary cortisol,SC)是否可作为反映湿热环境军事作业负荷的生物学标志物。方法选取热区部队80名士兵为研究对象,随机分为4组,分别在湿热环境下进行1 h的轻度、中度、重度、极重度劳动强度军事作业以诱导军事应激。在作业前和作业结束后即刻收集唾液,运用ELISA检测试剂盒测定AMS、CgA和SC含量,并进一步采用Spearman法分析上述指标作业前后含量变化与军事作业强度的相关性。结果与作业前相比,各组AMS、CgA和SC在军事作业后均显著升高。作业前后AMS、CgA改变在不同作业强度组无显著差异,而作业后SC含量随着作业强度的增加而增加,且与作业强度显著正相关(r=0.923,P<0.05)。结论 SC、CgA及AMS均可较好地反映受试者在热环境军事作业后的应激状态,其中SC可作为标志性生物学分子用于评估热环境条件下军事作业强度负荷。
Objective To investigate whether human saliva salivary amylase (AMS), chromogranin A (CgA) and salivary cortisol (SC) can be used as biomarkers to reflect the workload of military operations in hot and humid environments . Methods A total of 80 soldiers in the hot zone were chosen as the research objects. They were randomly divided into 4 groups, and were respectively subjected to mild, moderate, severe and severe labor-intensive military operations for 1 h under hot and humid conditions to induce military stress. Saliva was collected immediately before and at the end of the operation. The contents of AMS, CgA and SC were measured by ELISA kit. The Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between the changes of contents and the strength of military operations before and after operation. Results Compared with those before operation, AMS, CgA and SC in each group were significantly increased after military operations. The changes of AMS and CgA before and after operation were not significantly different among different work intensity groups. However, SC content increased with the increase of work intensity, and was positively correlated with work intensity (r = 0.923, P <0.05). Conclusion SC, CgA and AMS can well reflect the stress state of the subjects after military operations in thermal environment. SC can be used as a landmark biological molecule to evaluate the strength load of military operations in thermal environment.