通常,土中的水若处于静止状态时,水对土粒的作用只是静水压力。因此,这时土粒骨架只受到由空隙水产生的浮力作用。但当空隙水处于流动状态时,土粒骨架不仅受到浮力,而且受到由于水的流动产生动水坡降所附加的外力。这种由于空隙水的流动而土粒骨架所受到的力叫做渗透压力(Seepage Pressure)、渗透力(Seepage force)或者透水力等。这些用语很不统一,应该说是混乱的。在此,笔者希望把该力叫做渗透力。 Generally, if the water in the soil is at rest, the effect of water on the soil particles is only hydrostatic pressure. Therefore, at this time, the soil particle skeleton is only subjected to the buoyancy effect caused by the void water. However, when the pore water is in a flowing state, the skeleton of the soil particles is not only subjected to buoyancy but also subjected to an external force added by the dynamic gradient of water generated by the flow of water. This force of the soil particle skeleton due to the flow of void water is called Seepage Pressure, Seepage Force or Water Permeability. These terms are not uniform and should be confused. Here, I hope to call this force penetration.