论述和分析了影响苹果高效离体再生的主要因素 ,包括试验材料苹果的基因型、外植体生理状态、培养基类型、植物激素、Ag NO3、前期暗培养、抗生素等内外因子 ,以及影响根癌农杆菌介导苹果遗传转化的主要因素 ,包括苹果基因型、外植体生理状态、菌株类型、菌液浓度、活化物质的应用、共培养、预培养、选择培养、培养基成分等内外因子。并对其研究现状、存在的问题及应用前景作了简要概述 The main factors influencing efficient regeneration of apple in vitro were discussed and analyzed, including the genotypes, physiological status of explants, the types of media, plant hormones, AgNO3, pre-dark culture, antibiotics and other internal and external factors, The main factors of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of apple, including apple genotypes, physiological status of explants, strain types, bacterial concentration, the application of activated substances, co-culture, pre-culture, selective culture, medium components and other internal and external factors . And a brief overview of its research status, existing problems and application prospects