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通过对Alondra、Orofen等5个小麦品种进行花药培养,同时以新春9号、京771、CB037等9个高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成不同的小麦品种相互间配制24个正、反交组合,分析小麦加倍单倍体无性系和品种间杂交后代中高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基变异,探讨利用花药培养和杂交手段改良HMW-GS组成的可能性。SDS-PAGE电泳分析发现,小麦加倍单倍体无性系中HMW-GS发生了频繁变异,Alondra加倍单倍体中变异率最高(61.8%),Verry加倍单倍体次之(16.7%),均出现了原始材料中所不具备的亚基类型;HMW-GS在部分F1杂种中呈现不完全共显性、亚基表达沉默和正、反交亚基表达不一致现象,宁春4号/CB037、京771/宁春4号2个组合中出现了双亲所不含有的亚基;通过连续自交和对新出现亚基的跟踪选择,获得了表达新亚基的高代株系。研究结果对于改良小麦加工品质,加深了解小麦HMW-GS编码基因的遗传特性、结构特性等具有一定理论意义和实践价值。
The anther culture of five wheat varieties, Alondra and Orofen, was conducted. At the same time, 24 wheat cultivars with different high molecular weight glutenin subunits (Xinchun 9, Jing 771 and CB037) Variation of high molecular weight glutenin subunits in wheat haploid haploid clones and cross between cultivars, and to explore the possibility of improving HMW-GS composition by anther culture and crossbreeding. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis analysis showed that HMW-GS in wheat haploid haploid clones had frequent variation, with the highest mutation rate (61.8%) in Alondra doubling haplotype and the second (16.7%) in Verry double haploid population The subunit type appeared in the original material. HMW-GS showed incomplete co-dominant in partial F1 hybrids, the expression of subunit was silenced and the expression of positive and anti-subunit was inconsistent. Ning Chun 4 / CB037, Beijing 771 / Ningchun 4, two parents did not contain the subunits. Through continuous selfing and tracing selection of newly emerged subunits, a new generation of lines expressing new subunits was obtained. The research results have certain theoretical and practical value for improving wheat processing quality, deepening understanding of the genetic characteristics and structural characteristics of wheat HMW-GS coding genes.