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目的:探讨和评价糖尿病血清学分型诊断方法的临床应用价值。方法:选择临床确诊的糖尿病患者216例,空腹静脉采血进行谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)抗体和抗胰岛细胞(ICA)抗体测定,同时检测血糖,尿糖,糖耐量等其它项目。结果:在不同糖尿病型别中,ICA和GAD抗体阳性检出率存在有统计学显著性差异,两法在IDDM组中的阳性检出率均高于NIDDM(X~2=20.57,P<0.01;X~2=21.27,P0.05)且亦无统计学相关性(X~2=0.74,P>0.05)。结论:GAD抗体不能单独作为糖尿病分型诊断的出标,ICA 抗体可作为Ⅰ型糖尿病分型诊断较为可靠的指标,两法联合检测并结合其它血清/临床流行病学资料将有助于糖尿病的早期分型诊断和高危人群的筛查。
Objective: To investigate and evaluate the clinical value of diag- nosis serodiagnosis. Methods: Two hundred and sixty - six patients with clinically diagnosed diabetes were selected. Fasting venous blood was collected for determination of GAD and ICA antibodies. Blood glucose, urine glucose and glucose tolerance were measured. Results: The positive rates of ICA and GAD antibodies in different types of diabetes were statistically significant. The positive rates of ICA and GAD antibodies in IDDM patients were higher than those in NIDDM patients (X ~ 2 = 20.57, P <0.01) ; X ~ 2 = 21.27, P <0.01). The positive rate of ICA antibody in IDDN group was higher than GAD (X ~ 2 = 6.67, P <0.05) and had a certain degree of statistical correlation = 44.77.P <0.01, r = 0.6265). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of two antibodies in NIDDM group (X ~ 2 = 1.96, P> 0.05) X ~ 2 = 0.74, P> 0.05). Conclusion: GAD antibody can not be used alone as a standard for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. ICA antibody can be used as a more reliable indicator of type Ⅰ diabetes diagnosis. Combined with other serum / clinical epidemiological data, the two antibodies will be helpful for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus Early diagnosis and classification of high-risk screening of the crowd.