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苦槛蓝[Myoporum bontioides(Sieb.et Zucc.)A.Gray]是生长于热带亚热带海岸高潮带的常绿灌木,常出现于红树林陆岸外滩,属于半红树植物。苦槛蓝不仅具有较高的观赏价值,还具有良好的防风固沙护堤功能,在海岸生态环境修复中发挥重要的作用。文章主要从苦槛蓝的种群分布特征、土壤特性、叶片与茎部结构特征、叶片生态学特性和自身繁殖特性方面进行研究,结果表明:1)苦槛蓝现生种群多为单优群落,其土壤电导率和有机质含量高低对其分布影响较大,而与p H和盐度相关性不大;2)在叶片形态结构特征上,苦槛蓝的叶片上下表皮都有气孔器分布,且都具有盐腺,是一种泌盐植物;3)在叶片生态学特性上,广东高桥苦槛蓝种群叶片单位质量建成成本最高,其次为福建漳浦种群,福建泉州种群最低。浙江西门岛、福建九龙江、广西高坡和广西山口4个地区种群的叶片单位质量建成成本没有显著性差异,苦槛蓝相对较低的单位面积叶氮含量在一定程度上表明其耐盐性不强;4)在繁殖特性上,苦槛蓝具有双花期现象,采用不同的扦插条件进行繁育试验发现苦槛蓝生根大约需8~10d,由于其90.0%的果实具有虫害现象,其种子的繁殖成功率受到较大限制。
Myoporum bontioides (Sieb.et Zucc.) A. Gray is an evergreen shrub growing in the climax of the tropical subtropical coast, often found on the Bund on the mangrove landbank and belonging to half mangroves. It not only has high ornamental value, but also has good windbreak and sand retention berm functions and plays an important role in the restoration of coastal ecological environment. The article mainly studied the population distribution, soil characteristics, structural characteristics of leaves and stems, ecological characteristics of leaves and their reproductive traits. The results showed that: 1) The soil electrical conductivity and organic matter content have a great influence on its distribution, but have little correlation with p H and salinity. 2) The leaf stomatal distribution is distributed on the upper and lower epidermis of leaves All of them have salt gland and are a kind of plant which produce salt. (3) In terms of the ecological characteristics of leaves, the cost per leaf of Qiongqi blue population is the highest, followed by Fujian Zhangpu population and the lowest in Fujian Quanzhou. There was no significant difference in the cost per unit of leaf mass for the population of Ximen Island in Zhejiang Province, Jiulongjiang River in Fujian Province, the high slope of Guangxi Province and the mountain pass in Guangxi Province. Leaf nitrogen content per unit area with relatively low level of bluegrass indicated the salt tolerance to some extent 4) In the reproductive characteristics, bittern blue with double flowering phenomenon, using different cutting conditions breeding test found that the threshold blue rooting takes about 8 ~ 10d, because of its 90.0% of the fruit pests, the seeds The breeding success rate is subject to greater restrictions.