目的探讨表皮生长因子(EGF)及其受体(EGFR)在绒毛及蜕膜组织中的表达与早期自然流产的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学法(SP法)检测20例早期流产患者(流产组)及20例正常早孕人工流产组(对照组)绒毛及其蜕膜组织中EGF及其受体(EGFR)蛋白表达情况,用放射免疫法测定两组孕妇外周血中绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG-β)水平。结果EGF及其受体在早孕绒毛滋养细胞、蜕膜组织的腺上皮及间质细胞中均有阳性染色,两组表达部位相同。EGF及其受体在流产组绒毛及其蜕膜组织中的表达强度明显低于正常早孕组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。孕妇外周血HCG-β水平与EGF及其受体在绒毛中的表达作相关分析,rEGF=0.559,rEGFR=0.567,成正相关(P<0.01)。结论EGF及其受体在自然流产患者绒毛及蜕膜组织中表达下降,EGF可能是影响HCG分泌的重要因素之一。EGF及其受体表达异常在自然流产发病中起重要作用,可能是导致自然流产的原因之一。 Objective To investigate the relationship between epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) expression in villi and decidua and early spontaneous abortion. Methods Immunohistochemistry (SP method) was used to detect the expression of EGF and its receptor (EGFR) in 20 cases of abortion (abortion group) and 20 normal abortion group (control group) The levels of HCG-β in the peripheral blood of two groups of pregnant women were determined by radioimmunoassay. Results The EGF and its receptor were positively stained in the gonadal epithelium and stromal cells of villous trophoblast and decidua in the first trimester, and the expression sites of both groups were the same. The expression intensity of EGF and its receptor in the abortion group was significantly lower than that in the normal pregnancy group, the difference was significant (P <0.01). The level of HCG-β in peripheral blood of pregnant women was positively correlated with the expression of EGF and its receptors in villi (r = 0.559, r = 0.567, P <0.01). Conclusion The expression of EGF and its receptor in the villi and decidua of patients with spontaneous abortion decreased. EGF may be one of the important factors that affect the secretion of HCG. Abnormal expression of EGF and its receptor play an important role in the pathogenesis of spontaneous abortion, which may be one of the reasons leading to spontaneous abortion.