Objective: In order to understand the neurotoxic mechanism of paclitaxel, the motility and apoptosis of the animal model Caenorhabditis elegans were studied. Methods: A paclitaxel dilution (0.4, 4, 40, 400 mg/L) was prepared, and a K-medium solution was used as a blank control group (0 mg/L).Taking Caenorhabditis elegans as an experimental animal model, the effects of paclitaxel at different dose concentrations on the movement behavior of Caenorhabditis elegans and changes in apoptosis levels were evaluated to evaluate the toxicity of Paclitaxel to Caenorhabditis elegans. Results: After acute exposure, compared with the solution control group, the exercise capacity of the nematodes in the experimental group (0.4, 4, 40, 400 mg/L) was suppressed.Among them, only 0.4 mg/L in the experimental group showed a decrease in the head swing frequency and body bending frequency (P <0.05), while the other experimental groups had a significant decrease in their motor capacity (P <0.01), and it showed a dose-response relationship with the concentration of exposure.Compared with the solution control group, the apoptosis level of nematodes in the 400 mg/L experimental group was significantly increased after AO staining (P <0.01). Conclusion: Paclitaxel solution has neurotoxic effects on Caenorhabditis elegans. Neurotoxicity is related to the dose concentration of paclitaxel. Apoptosis may be one of the mechanisms that cause nematode neurotoxicity.