常平仓和社仓是清代前期广东储粮备荒的两种主要形式。社仓设立于乡村墟镇,较之设立于县城的常平仓,对农村社会的作用更为直接。本文试图通过对清代广东社仓建立发展、仓改管理和仓储性质等问题的探讨,从一个侧面说明中国传统社会仓储制度的组织与社会功能。一、清代广东社仓的建立与发展一般认为,南宋乾道四年朱熹在其家乡建宁崇安县借用本府常平米设置社仓之举,为社仓制度建立之始。不过,朱子所订的社仓法,实际上是隋开皇五年长孙平建立的义仓制度和北宋熙宁二年王安石推行的青苗法的变通和发展。明代广东各府州均设社仓,后毁于明末战乱。 Chang Pingcang and social positions in Guangdong during the early Qing Dynasty two main forms of preparation for grain shortage. Societies established in the rural market town, compared to the Changping positions set up in the county, the role of rural society is more direct. This article tries to illustrate the organization and social functions of China’s traditional social warehousing system from one aspect by discussing the establishment, development, storage management and storage nature of Guangdong’s social warehouses in the Qing Dynasty. I. Establishment and development of social silos in Guangdong in the Qing Dynasty It is generally believed that in the four years of the Southern Song Dynasty main road, Zhu Xi borrowed the Changping meters set up by the government in his hometown of Jian’an County for the establishment of the social silo system. However, the agency method of Zhuang’s social registration was actually a modification of the system of justice and justice established by Sun Ping, a five-year-old president of the Sui Kaihuang, and the Wang Miao method promoted by Wang Anshi in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, various prefectures and prefectures in Guangdong set up social warehouses, which were later destroyed by the war in the late Ming Dynasty.