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在药物的发展史中,药物的作用和副作用是并存的。随着人的平均寿命的延长,高龄人在人口中所占的比例增高,而老年又是生命过程中的一个特殊时期,件随着神经、内分泌和脏器生理功能的降低及体内代偿机制的减弱,使患病的机率增高,所以用药的种类多,时间长。williamson报导,有50％以上的老年病人同时使用三种药物,25％以上的病人同时使用四至六种药物,从而副作用的发生机率也相应增高,而大多数老年人的这种药物反应表现表现不典型,容易误诊,而且有一些副作用所造成的机体损害长时间不易消除。所以药物对老年人的副作用是老年医学中的一个具有明显现实意义的,值得研究的重要课题。老年人的药物副作用可分为三大类:第一是靶器官中药物浓度过高,引起组织的过强反应。第二是靶器官对药物的敏感性增高,引起组织的过强反应。第三是不同体质引起的,与药理作用及
In the history of drug development, the role of drugs and side effects co-exist. As the average life expectancy of people increases, the proportion of elderly people in the population increases, while the elderly is a special period of life. With the reduction of neuroendocrine and organ physiological functions and in-body compensatory mechanism The weakened, so that the increased risk of illness, so many types of medication, a long time. Williamson reports that more than 50% of elderly patients use three drugs simultaneously, and that more than 25% of patients use four to six drugs at the same time, resulting in a corresponding increase in the incidence of side effects, whereas most elderly people do not respond to such drugs Typical, easy to misdiagnosis, and some side effects caused by the body damage is not easy to eliminate for a long time. Therefore, side effects of drugs on the elderly are an important topic worthy of study in geriatrics. Side effects of drugs in the elderly can be divided into three categories: the first is the concentration of drugs in the target organ is too high, causing excessive reaction of the organization. The second is the target organ sensitivity to drugs increased, causing the organization’s over-reaction. The third is caused by different constitutions, and pharmacological effects