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目的:基于地理要素的基本内涵及其在卫生服务研究中的内涵应用,归纳并论证地理要素应用的相关理论与应用方面,并提出拓展与丰富地理要素相关应用的展望。方法:采用文献研究法,从PubMed及中国知网等网络学术平台收集相关文献。结果:地理要素主要分为自然和社会地理要素,人地关系论与Anderson卫生服务模型是地理要素相关应用的理论基础。公共卫生与流行病学研究、卫生系统规划与资源配置研究和卫生服务供需的影响因素研究是地理要素应用在卫生服务领域中的三个重要方面。结论:地理要素在公共卫生服务研究中偏重于自然地理要素和人类健康疾病的关系,而医疗服务研究偏重于社会地理要素对卫生资源配置与卫生服务利用的影响,因此建议将自然与社会地理要素综合地运用到卫生服务研究中,为卫生领域的政策“因地制宜”的改革、资源的合理配置与供需双侧的均衡发展提供更加全面的决策信息。
OBJECTIVE: To summarize and demonstrate the theory and application of the application of geographical elements based on the basic connotation of geographical elements and their connotation applications in the study of health services, and to put forward the prospect of expanding and enriching related applications of geographical elements. Methods: Literature research methods were used to collect relevant literature from PubMed and CNKI. Results: The geographical elements are mainly divided into natural and social geography elements. Human-earth relationship theory and Anderson health service model are the theoretical basis for the application of geographical elements. Public health and epidemiology research, health system planning and resource allocation research and health service supply and demand research on factors affecting the application of geographic factors in the field of health services in three important aspects. Conclusion: Geographical factors in the public health service research emphasis on the relationship between natural geographical elements and human health diseases, and medical services research focuses on the impact of social geography elements on health resource allocation and health service utilization, it is proposed that the natural and social geography elements Comprehensive utilization of health services research, for the health field policy “reform measures to local conditions ”, the rational allocation of resources and supply and demand both sides of the balanced development to provide more comprehensive decision-making information.