清乾隆(1736——1795)时期的文献资料,在述及我国西部和西南边界以外的地理环境时,常见到“痕都斯坦”一名;故宫博物院及国内外许多博物馆和私人收藏者中,有为数众多的痕都斯坦造玉器。痕都斯坦,今无此地名,国内古今中外地理辞典和辞源一类工具书,皆不载其条目,故痕都斯坦的地理位置和痕都斯坦玉器的情况,渐不为人所知,甚有许多错误的传闻。查中国有关史书,痕都斯坦一名最早见于《元史》。其后,近似音声的,见于其它 The documents and materials of Qing Emperor Qianlong (1736--1795) often refer to “Markus Stein” when it comes to the geographical environment beyond the western and southwestern borders of our country. Among the museum museums and many museums and private collectors at home and abroad, There are a large number of Markus Stein jade. There are no such place names in this country. The reference books on geographical geography and etymology in ancient, modern, Chinese, and foreign countries do not contain any articles. Therefore, the location of the mark Durstan and the case of the Markus Stein jade are still unknown, Many wrong rumors. Check China’s history books, a mark of Stewart was first seen in “Yuan Shi.” Thereafter, the approximate sound, found in other